Englisch

Write down one formal word for each of the following informal words.

1. to deal with
2. to bring back
3. to throw away
4. childish
5. anyway
6. to say
7. away
8. sick
9. to speed up
10. to buy

Answer the following questions.

1. What does the introduction of a cartoon analysis consist of?
   
2. What should you focus on in the interpretation part?
   
3. What should you focus on in the last part: the evaluation?
4. What should you pay extra attention to?

Write a short text characterizing yourself or someone you know. Make sure to include the following characteristics when characterizing.

• Appearance
• Behavior
• Personality
• Thoughts

List the ways in which Cinderella is characterized in the following extract.

Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl named Cinderella. She lived with her wicked stepmother and two stepsisters. They treated Cinderella very badly. One day, they were invited for a grand ball in the king’s palace. But Cinderella’s stepmother would not let her go. Cinderella was made to sew new party gowns for her stepmother and stepsisters, and curl their hair. They then went to the ball, leaving Cinderella alone at home.

Cinderella felt very sad and began to cry. Suddenly, a fairy godmother appeared and said, “Don’t cry, Cinderella! I will send you to the ball!” But Cinderella was sad. She said, “I don’t have a gown to wear for the ball!” The fairy godmother waved her magic wand and changed Cinderella’s old clothes into a beautiful new gown! The fairy godmother then touched Cinderella’s feet with the magic wand. And lo! She had beautiful glass slippers! “How will I go to the grand ball?” asked Cinderella. The fairy godmother found six mice playing near a pumpkin, in the kitchen. She touched them with her magic wand and the mice became four shiny black horses and two coachmen and the pumpkin turned into a golden coach. Cinderella was overjoyed and set off for the ball in the coach drawn by the six black horses. Before leaving. the fairy godmother said, “Cinderella, this magic will only last until midnight! You must reach home by then!”

Write one sentence for each of the following tenses.

1. present progressive
2. will future
3. past perfect
4. present perfect progressive

Find more formal words to replace the terms marked below.

1. This study shows ...
2. Lots of people consider ...
3. He has got to find better proof.
4. One issue has been found.
5. The author discussed issues like obesity and diets.

Insert quite / rather / fairly in the following sentences to emphasize caution.

1. The government's efforts to save money were successful.
2. The latest study concerning obesity is well-written.
3. Her first book received much attention.
4. The students were fascinated by the seminar.

Rewrite the following sentences in a more suitable and formal way.

1. Unfortunately, a lot of people don't have jobs these days.
2. You can't always trust the statistics in that report.
3. He really thinks that we should pay students to study.
4. A few years ago African-Americans were given their rights.

Rewrite the following sentences in two ways using different transitions to emphasize the cause or the effect.

1. Apples fall to the ground because of gravity.
2. Growing up in a poor neighborhood motivated me to excel in school.
3. Radio listening is declining since more people spend time on the internet.
4. Educated people have fewer children. Some experts believe this is why they are spending more money on entertainment every year.

Rewrite the following dialogue by using expressions to voice opinions.

Howard: Technology will erase millions of jobs.

Erica: Technology will indeed erase jobs, but it will also create new jobs.

Howard: What jobs will people work in, who don't have any knowledge of technology?

Erica: They will be trained, so they can work in technology or other open jobs.

Howard: There will be high unemployment rates.

Erica: In the end, technology will make every job obsolete. So, we will have to completely rethink our system.

Howard: Other systems will not work.

Erica: They will have to or we will not make it as a society.

Translate the following text into German.

What if machines were better at driving trucks? What if machines were better servers at McDonald’s? What if robots would do your taxes for you? 

Machines are taking the world by storm and the impact of Artificial Intelligence is increasing labor productivity by up to 40%. 

Robot production is growing drastically, as robots are becoming cheaper to produce. Companies are expanding their investment in Artificial Intelligence, year after year. 

Can Artificial Intelligence replace mankind in the economy by developing the same power as the human brain or, in other words, will a robot take your job?

It’s an amazing time: driverless cars, drones delivering packages and chatbots taking fast food orders. In fact, this trend is even called “the next industrial revolution”. 

And it does not come without a lot of fear concerning job losses and means of making a living. Of course, technology will eliminate many jobs – it has always done so.

Predictions about those job losses range from a few million to over a billion. But while AI will make some jobs obsolete, it will make way for other jobs in other areas. Even today, there is a huge number of technology jobs that did not exist ten years ago. There is no reason to believe that the need for humans to create and manage new technology will decrease. Humans create and humans control. Robots and AI are tools that can be used when given the right instructions. The point is that humans and technology must work together. Robots could never replace the need for creative thinking, problem-solving and teamwork.

Many of the once tedious tasks performed by humans are now performed by Artificial Intelligence, allowing professionals to focus on more advisory roles that bring greater value to clients.

AI’s impact will be felt everywhere – and the global economy will get a 15.7 trillion-dollar boost from AI, as it shapes entire industries.  

Read the following text about chinstrap penguins and answer the questions below in complete sentences.

1. How is the island, where the chinstrap penguins nest, described in the text?
2. How are the chinstrap penguins described?
3. What did the scientists discover?
4. What are the reasons for the decline in chinstrap penguin populations?
   
   

Just north of the Antarctic Peninsula, there’s a small, ice-covered island shaped like an elephant’s head. Each year, despite brutal winds and a landscape of crags, cliffs, and glaciers, hundreds of thousands of chinstrap penguins manage to nest on these shores, creating a living sea of black-and-white feathers.

“They’re like little mountaineers,” says Noah Strycker, an ornithologist and graduate student at New York’s Stony Brook University. “They climb up 300 to 400 feet in some places.”

But when Strycker and his fellow scientists spent 11 days counting chinstrap nests as part of a scientific survey this January, they discovered tens of thousands of penguins were missing.

“Comparing it to the number from 50 years ago, we’ve found a 56 percent drop in chinstrap penguin nests, which is rather shocking,” says Strycker.

Due to its remote location and challenging conditions, the last census of the chinstrap penguins of Elephant Island was taken in 1971, and that survey identified 123,000 nests. Strycker and his team found less than half of that number.

While the recent expedition did not research the causes of such a precipitous drop, other researchers have found links to climate change, says Strycker.

For instance, a 2016 study found that over the past 40 years, tiny crustaceans called krill have declined by up to 80 percent in some Antarctic seas, possibly as a result of warming water temperatures. Krill are the foundation of the Antarctic food web: Chinstraps eat the shrimp-like creatures, as do small fish (which penguins also eat).

(Article was taken from National Geographic and was written by Jason Bittel on 11/02/2020)

Read the following paragraph and summarize it in German.

Chronic kidney disease affects one in 10 adults worldwide, and in more prosperous countries, it’s often associated with diseases such as diabetes or hypertension. But in the past few decades, young people—primarily agricultural workers from very hot, rural, poor parts of the world—have been showing up at clinics with advanced stages of kidney failure that could not be tied to other conditions.

(This extract was taken from National Geographic and was written by Alejandra Borunda on 14/08/2018)

Explain to a German speaker in two sentences what happened in the following text.

Susie had been enjoying her day off until she came home. She wanted to connect her phone to her speakers in order to listen to her music while cleaning the house. After searching forever, she finally had to accept that her phone was gone. Someone must have stolen her phone on the train home. Luckily, she signed up for a service that locates your phone whenever you cannot find it. She nervously put in the details and was surprised that the phone was located right outside her house. She hectically rushed outside and found it on the ground. Laughingly, she realized that she must have dropped it when looking for her keys.

Change the following sentences written in the active voice to sentences in the passive voice.

1. Ben plays tennis.
2. Lisa has watched the news.
3. Catherine is cooking pasta.
4. Paul wrote an article.

Translate the following relative clauses into English.

1. Sie wurde von Eric eingeladen, den sie auf der Party getroffen hatte.
2. Kennst du den Lehrer, dessen Unterricht gestrichen wurde?
3. Er ist der Typ, der in München wohnt.
4. Das ist die Tür, die sich niemals öffnet.

Rewrite the following sentences using transitions in order to make them more readable.

1. Lilli really wants to travel in a camper. Lisa prefers to sleep in hotels.
2. Meredith enjoys playing tennis. She doesn't have much free time.
3. Jordan went to Costa Rica. He likes surfing.
4. She has to pass the exam. She is determined to go to college.

Write a short text using the following transitional words.

• furthermore
• consequently
• in other words
• but
• since

Find the five mistakes in the following paragraph and highlight them.

To sum, the book provides several units presenting key aspects of linguistics. Stated brief, each unit has succeeded in telling all linguistic fields that students need to study. The overalls aim of the book is to make students not only to understand linguistics, but also to practice linguistics in an academic environment. 

Write an essay on the following topic.

Explore the causes and effects of the popularity of fast food in modern society.

Write down at least two examples for each of the following parts of a professional email.

1. Greeting
2. Body
3. Closing