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SOI
Why is SWM a global issue?
“Worldwide, waste generated per person per day averages 0.74 kilogram but ranges widely, from 0.11 to 4.54 kilograms."
Lack of SWM leads to:
• direct health impacts on residents
• environmental pollution on a local, regional and global scale
Lack of SWM also contributes to:
• loss of valuable resources
• climate change
SOI
What is the difference between municipal waste and special waste?
SOI
What is waste management?
SOI
Why do low income countries suffer more from waste?
Waste generation depend on income: low income countries generate large amount of organic waste (>50), while high income countries generate more plastic and organic (30% each).
SOI
Name 2 general principles of waste policies and explain one of them
1. The “polluter pays” principle
2. The “precautionary” principle
3. The “proximity principle”
4. The “prior informed consent principle
1. “Polluter pays” principle implies that all producers of waste are legally and financially responsible for the safe and environmentally sound disposal of the waste they produce. This principle also attempts to assign liability to the party that causes damage.
3. “Proximity” principle recommends that treatment and disposal of (hazardous) waste take place at the closest possible location to its source to minimize the risks involved in its transport.
SOI
What are the Elements of EU circular Economy strategy?
-> Transforming waste into a resource to develop a circular economy
-> Improving waste management in order to reduce health and environmental problems
Strategy:
- four legislative proposals following different directives
Goals:
- introducing new waste management targets regarding reuse, recycling and landfilling
- Strengthen provisions on waste prevention, streamline definitions, reporting obligations and calculation methods for targets.
SOI
What is the difference between Reuse and Reduce?
Reduce: means using fewer resources. It includes strict avoidance as well as reduction at source. Waste reduction can be defined as the complete range of measures and actions taken up before a substance, material or product becomes waste.
Reuse: means any operation by which products or components that are not waste are used again for the same purpose for which they were conceived.
SOI
What is Recovery?
waste serving a useful purpose by replacing other materials.
SOI
What is Recycling?
part of recovery. Here waste materials are reprocessed into products. Does not include energy recovery like fuels. Eg: use of cans
SOI
What is the difference between upcycling and downcycling?
When we convert discarded materials into something of equal or greater value, it is “upcycled".
When a material or product is “downcycled”, it is transformed into something of less value
SOI
Whats waste to energy?
treat waste to recover energy in the form of heat, electricity or biogas.
SOI
What is the defintion of waste?
any discarded, rejected, abandoned, unwanted or surplus matter, whether intended or not for recycling, recovery or treatment
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