Lernmaterialien für cardio an der Monash University

- abnormal conduction through either the right or left bundle branches 

- delay in depolarisation of part of the ventricular muscle - widening of the QRS complex! 

left bundle branch block: 

• M-shaped R waves in V5 and V6 (left chest leads) 
• W-shaped S waves in V1 (right chest lead) 

it is gonna be a big L if i am married with suga [MR = M-shaped R wave; WS = W-shaped S wave - suga is 1 person, thus V1]

right bundle branch block: 

• M-shaped R waves in V1 and V2 [right chest leads] 
• W-shaped S waves in V6 [left chest lead] 

​it is the right decision to marry suga and the 6 other members of BTS [marry = m-shaped R wave in v1 and v2; with suga = w-shaped S wave in V6 - 6 other members of BTS]

80% - right coronary artery 

20% - left coronary artery

- postganglionic sympathetic fibres (T1-T5) 

- visceral afferent sensory fibres that run along with the cardiac nerves

• will have referred pain!! 
• - pain referred to t1-t4 dermatomes

0.20seconds 

• seen as more than 5 small squares / 1 large square

​due to AV block 

• need to determine if its 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree AV blocks

during fetal development, pressure in the right side of the heart will be higher than the left side 

• ductus arteriosus - shunt that connects pulmonary trunk with aorta, allowing blood to flow out of the right ventricle and enter aorta directly 
• foramen ovale: between right atrium and left atrium; blood shunted from RA to LA due to higher pressure in RA 
• 
  

nope not cyanotic! 

both will basically cause hypertrophy to the respective ventricles as you increase workload!
- pulmonary stenosis - RV hypertrophy 

• will be a systolic murmur

​- aortic stenosis - LV hypertrophy

• will be a systolic murmur  
  

​right dominant heart: where the posterior descending artery is branched from the right coronary artery; perfusion of the left ventricle is split between the RCA and LCA 

left dominant heart: where the posterior descending artery is branched from the left coronary artery instead! --> perfusion of the left ventricle is done by the LCA!! 

Organic nitrates relax vascular smooth muscle 

• Nitrates are prodrugs, which are converted inside cells to NO (Nitric Oxide) 
• Nitrates are converted to NO → stimulate guanylate cyclase → increase in [cGMP]intracellular → relaxation of vascular smooth muscles 
• GTN will basically donate NO from its structure to assist in relaxation of vascular smooth muscle 
• Results in vasodilation!