DB Chapter 6: Fertilization at Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg

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What happens in fertilization generally?

Sperm and egg (gametes) fuse to form a zygote whose genome is derived from both parents.

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What is the requirement of gametes for fertilization?

They have to reduce their genetic material by half: from diploid to haploid.

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What is the process called, where diploid cells become haploid?

Meiosis

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Meiosis is the process by which one diploid eukaryotic cell devides to generate ____ haploid cells.

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What leads to DNA rearrangement in meiosis?

Pairing of homologous chromosomes
crossing-over

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At the time of fertilization, the egg has a __________ pronucleus.

haploid

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What is the zona pellucida?

A glycoprotein matrix that surround the egg.

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The binding of sperms to the zona pellucida has some species-specificity.

Right.

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Which kind of enzymes do acrosomal enzymes mainly consist of?

Mainly proteases.

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What is the difference between the egg and sperm fusion of sea urchins and mammals?

Sea urchin sperm binds to the microvilli of the egg with the acrosomal process, while sperm of mammals bind with the equatorial domain.

Both are then fused and internalised.

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At the time of fertilization the egg is arrested in the __________ of the second mitotic division.

Metaphase

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What leads to completion of meiosis and formation of the female pronucleus?

Calcium waves

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DB Chapter 6: Fertilization at Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg

Flashcards and summaries for DB Chapter 6: Fertilization at the Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg

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