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use ATP to propel themselves rapidly along a DNA single strand. They continue to move along their strand, thereby prying apart the helix.
DNA helicases
laundry detergent
Enzymatic stain removers
In real-time PCR, The signal is directly proportion to the number of
Molecules generated.
It promises to provide new treatments for a large number of inherited and acquired diseases.
It introduces into target cells a piece of genetic material that will result in either a cure for the disease or a slowdown in the progression of the disease.
Gene therapy
s exclusively applied to improve industrial processes.
uses yeast, molds, bacteria, and enzymes for its research.
development of biodegradable products and provide better services.
White biotechnology
white biotechnology
a new DNA double helix containing one original and one new strand, the DNA double helix is said to be replicated
,
“semi-conservatively”.
has led to the production of drugs that are best suited to an individual’s genetic profile.
Pharmacogenomics
Lactic acid bacteria
prepare yogurt and probiotics.
is 5ʹ-to-3ʹ DNA synthesis can take place continuously on only one of the strands at a replication fork
(leading strand).
proteins bind tightly to exposed single-strand DNA. They aid helicases by stabilizing the unwound, single-strand conformation.
Single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins
because DNA polymerase cannot start synthesis de novo, without an existing primer, a special enzyme known as
DNA primase
is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.
Replication
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