Kognitive Psychlogie Altklausurfragen an der Universität Salzburg

• Failure to detect a stimulus presentede to the side oppisite the brain damage
• Nur unbewusste Wahrnehmung der anderen Seite 
• Egocentric neglect: Das Objekt wird der entgegengesetzten Seite der Läsion präsentiert und nicht wahrgenommen 
• Allocentric: Fehlende Wahrnehmung der linken Seite des Objekts und nicht des gesamten visuellen Feldes 
• Damage typically to the right hemisphere including the superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, insula and supramarginal gyrus and angular gyrus 
• Attentional problems depend on damage to networks 

• Primal sketch 
  1. Two dimensional description of the main light intensity changes 
  2. Information about edges, contours, blobs 
  3. Grey level presentations 
  4. Raw primal sketch 
•  -D sketch
  1. Description of the depth and orientation of visible surfaces 
  2. Information from shading, texture, motion, binocular disparity 
  3. Observer-centred; viewpoint dependent 
• 3-D model Representation 
  1. Describes three-dimensional objects‘ shapes and their relative position 
  2. Independent of observers viewpoint 

• Es wird eine mögliche Struktur gewählt und weiterverfolgt 
• Welche struktur gewählt wird, hängt nur von syntaktischer Information ab

- auditory effect

• Bei geschlossenen Augen „ba ba“ und bei offenen Augen „da da“

• Sensorisches Gedächtnis 
  1. Iconic memory store that holds infos for a short period of time 
     • We can shift out attention within iconic memory in 55ms 
     • Lasts 1.6s with reduced task demands
     • Decays within about 0.5s
  2. Echoic storage (2-4s)
• Short term memory 
  1. Very limited capacity 
  2. Maximum number of items recalled about 7
  3. Information gets lost because of decay or interference 
• Working memory
  1. Modalitiy-free central executive: attentional system 
  2. Phonological loop: processing and storing information briefly in speech-based form 
  3. Visuo-spatial sketchpad: specialised for spatial and visual processing and temporary storage 
  4. Episodic buffer: temporary storage for integrated information coming from the visuo-spatial sketchpad and pholological loop
• Long-term Memory 
  1. Explicit (declarative with conscious awareness -> noetic)
     • Episodic (events)
     • Semantic (facts)
  2. Implicit (nn-declarative with lack of conscious awareness -> anoetic)
     • Skills and habits
     • Priming 
     • Classical conditioning 
     • Non-associative learning 

• The ability of brain damaged patients to discriminate among different emotional stimuli in site oft he absense of conscious perception 
• Facial reaction for non consciously perceived expressions is 200-300ms faster than for perceived ones 
• Damage to V1

• Normalerweise zwischen 2 und 5
• Selten 6-7

71%

• Priming 
• Procedural memory (Skills and Habits) 
• Klassische Konditionierung 
• Non-associative learning

• Defeated the World Champion Garry Kasparov on May, 11, 1997
• Considers up to 200 million positions per second 
• Verarbeitete bis zu 6 Züge vorab

• Ventral 
  1. Identification of possible and actual goal objects (was)
  2. Von V1 zu inferioren temporalen Regionen
  3. Gehirnregionen 
     • Inferior frontal junction (IFJ)
     • Inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)
     • Supramarginal gyrus (SMG) 
     • Superior temporal gyrus (STG)
     • Insula (INS)
• Dorsal 
  1. Implementation of the planned action (wie)
  2. Von V1 zum posterioren parietalen Cortex
  3. Gehirnregionen: 
     • Superior parietal lobule (SPL)
     • Intraparietal sulcus (IPS) 
     • Inferior frontal junction (IFJ)
     • Frontal eye field (FEF)
     • Middle temporal area (MT) 
     • V3A 

• Allophonie: An allophone is one oft wo or more similar sounds associated with the same phoneme (R/L Laute) 
• Homophonie: Words pronounced in the same way but that differ in their spellings (Pain-pane, sale-sail)