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Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
When was the precursor of modern wind turbines invented? Name the 3 main improvments
1500 in Europe -> horizontal axis, furling blades (Rollschaufeln), Yaw control
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 How do modern wind turbine usually look like?
• Horizontal-axis three-bladed upwind variable-speed wind turbine
• Pitch control
• Various typologies depending on generator type, location of main
bearings, gearbox, brake, …
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 What are pros and conts of direct drive or turbines with gearboxes?
direct driven do not need a complex gearbox but generate less energy due to low speed
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
Name 4 issues affecting the growth of wind energy systems
beyond reach of wind power technology: policy uncertainties, permitting and approval time
Affected by technological innovation: social acceptance, environmental impact
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 Name 5 negative wind energy impacts
Noise
Recycling
local climate
wildlife
Visual impact
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 Name 5 areas of technological innovation at wind turbine level
aerodynamics
materials
active smart blade
electromechanical conversion
contruction technilogy
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 Name 4 significant differences with respect to aeronautical applications
- dimensions (need of large volumes but low cost materials)
- reliability/maintenance: performance with simplicity and robustness
- key design objective: low CoE for wind energy (Cost of Energy)
- rotating components
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 What is one of the most effective ways to reduce CoE?
Increase AEP (Anual energy production)
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 Name 3 trends aiming more efficiency
- higher tower -> higher wind speed because of vertical shear
- large swept area -> larger power capture
- improved capacity factor -> lower CoE
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 Name 5 reason for going off-shore
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
2 4 Hypotheses of the 1D annular stream tube theory
Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems
1 Explain why there is a tendency in increased wind turbine size
Main goal is to reduce CoE -> one of the most effective ways is to increase AEP
With a increased diameter/ increased swept area
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