Computer Aided Medical Procedure an der TU München

1. Wave interactioon at tissue interfaces

- specular reflection

- diffuse reflection (scattering)

- refraction, general artifacts

2. Wave interaction within tissue

- absorption

- non-linear effects (simplification of modeling)

- wave interference

segmented[image>threshold] = 255

1. more input arguments needed: slices and z coordinate

2. coordinates have to be extended to 3D  [x, y, z]

3. Two additional if clauses for neighbours in z- direction

density or absorption

particles smaller than wavelength, wave is scattered in pseudorandom directions

- Bilateral considers the spatial location and kernel is dependend on the image contents.

- weights are calculated based on difference of intensity value and distance

air

User interaction: Thresholding requires less user interaction

Repeatability: region growing harder to repead as seed point selection is harder to repeat

Conected component: Region growning does not guarentee connected component

Both can be applied if contrasted vasculature has more or less same intensity throughout body

1. Subsequent filters pipeline

2. Reduction of dynamic range

3. Transformation of scanlines to image

Smoother boundaries -> filter the input image with gaussian filter or segmentation with morphological filter

possibility is morphological closing operation in order to remove both holes and smooth boundary

- obtain manual segmentation for a number of test cases

- Evaluate results using various metrices such as Dice, Jaccard index

(a) allocate each data point to cluster whose center is nearest

(b) replace cluster centers with the mean of the elements in their clusters