Proteomics an der TU Dresden

DNA --> RNA --> Protein

triplet code

not overlapping

not punctuated = it´s read without interspace starting at starting point to fixed end point

Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei:
poly-U produced polyphenylalanine in a
cell-free translation system

• Carboxyl groups form amides & esters
• Amino groups form Schiff bases and amides
• Cys residues can form disulfides and can be easily alkylated

atom that holds a set of ligands in a spatial arrangement that it is not super-imposable to it’s mirror image. e.g. Carbon atom with 4 different ligands

Enantiomers are pairs of compounds that are not superimposable. A chiral compound must have an enantiomer!

In enzymatic reactions, usually one enantiomer is preferred.

1. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog convention: R/S-configuration
2. Fisher-Projection: D/L (most oxidized C-atom at the top

1. molecule containing an amino group and any type of acid group

2. nearly all AA have S-config (except Gly)

3. a-amino acids are chiral molecules (asymmetric carbon atom); exception: glycine

4. chirality center is the asymmetric a-carbon atom

5. nearly all naturally found amino acids have (S) configuration, exception: cysteine (R=CH2SH): (R)

6. D-amino acids are of microbial origin and can be found in certain antibiotics or the bacterial cell wall

(Glycine)

Alanine

Valine

Leucine

Isoleucine

Methionine

Serine

Threonine

Cysteine

Proline

Asparagine

Glutamine

Tyrosine

Phenylalanine

Tryptophane

Histidine

Arginine

Lysine