Anatomy Muscular at University Of Western Australia | Flashcards & Summaries

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Lernmaterialien für Anatomy Muscular an der University of Western Australia

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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
What are the three main types of muscle?
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  • Smooth
  • Cardiac
  • Skeletal
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Cardiac muscle makeup
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  • Involuntary movement
  • Cell structure: striated, single central nucleus, branching interconnections, membranes are intercalated disks
  • Stimulated by electrical impulses, nervous stimuli, hormones
  • Makes up wall of the heart 
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Muscles working together (names)
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  • Agonist (prime mover)
  • Antagonist (opposite movement)
  • Synergist (works together with agonist)
  • Stabiliser
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Primary functions of the muscular system
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  • Skeletal movement
  • Posture maintainence
  • Heat generation
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
What are the properties of muscle tissue? (4)
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  • Excitability: ability to respond to a stimuli
  • Elasticity: ability to return to its original length
  • Extensibility: ability to be stretched without being damaged
  • Contractility: ability to contract forcefully when stimulated by an action potential
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A motor unit is?
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A single neuron and all the muscle fibres it stimulates
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The roles of calcium in muscle (4)
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  • Is released when nerve fibre stimulates muscle cell
  • Attaches to proteins blocking receptor sites
  • Allows cross-bridges to form between actin and myosin
  • Returns to sarcoplasmic reticulum
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
Energy sources for muscles
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
Muscle contraction requires energy (ATP), oxidised in muscle cells from oxygen, glucose or other usable nutrients
Compounds in muscle cells that store energy, oxygen or nutrients: myoglobin, glycogen, creatine phosphate
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
Oxygen consumption metabolism
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
  • Aerobic glucose metabolism
  • Anaerobic glucose metabolism: inefficient production, lactic acid accumulation, oxygen debt, recovery oxygen consumption
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
Effects of exercise (8)
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  • Improved balance and joint flexibility
  • Hypertrophy (increase in muscle size)
  • Improvements in muscle tissue
  • Vasodilation
  • Strengthened heart muscle
  • Improved breathing and respiratory efficiency
  • Weight control
  • Stronger bones
Lösung ausblenden
TESTE DEIN WISSEN
What are the three types of muscle contractions?
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
  • Partial (muscle tone or tonus)
  • Isotonic (no change in tension, muscle length shortens, movement) e.g. pull ups
  • Isometric (great increase in tension, muscle length unchanged, no movement) e.g. wall sit, glute bridge hold
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
Mechanics of muscle movement
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TESTE DEIN WISSEN
Tendons attach muscles to bones
Origin: attached to the more fixed part of skeleton
Insertion: attached to the more moveable part of skeleton
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Beispielhafte Karteikarten für deinen Anatomy Muscular Kurs an der University of Western Australia - von Kommilitonen auf StudySmarter erstellt!

Q:
What are the three main types of muscle?
A:
  • Smooth
  • Cardiac
  • Skeletal
Q:
Cardiac muscle makeup
A:
  • Involuntary movement
  • Cell structure: striated, single central nucleus, branching interconnections, membranes are intercalated disks
  • Stimulated by electrical impulses, nervous stimuli, hormones
  • Makes up wall of the heart 
Q:
Muscles working together (names)
A:
  • Agonist (prime mover)
  • Antagonist (opposite movement)
  • Synergist (works together with agonist)
  • Stabiliser
Q:
Primary functions of the muscular system
A:
  • Skeletal movement
  • Posture maintainence
  • Heat generation
Q:
What are the properties of muscle tissue? (4)
A:
  • Excitability: ability to respond to a stimuli
  • Elasticity: ability to return to its original length
  • Extensibility: ability to be stretched without being damaged
  • Contractility: ability to contract forcefully when stimulated by an action potential
Mehr Karteikarten anzeigen
Q:
A motor unit is?
A:
A single neuron and all the muscle fibres it stimulates
Q:
The roles of calcium in muscle (4)
A:
  • Is released when nerve fibre stimulates muscle cell
  • Attaches to proteins blocking receptor sites
  • Allows cross-bridges to form between actin and myosin
  • Returns to sarcoplasmic reticulum
Q:
Energy sources for muscles
A:
Muscle contraction requires energy (ATP), oxidised in muscle cells from oxygen, glucose or other usable nutrients
Compounds in muscle cells that store energy, oxygen or nutrients: myoglobin, glycogen, creatine phosphate
Q:
Oxygen consumption metabolism
A:
  • Aerobic glucose metabolism
  • Anaerobic glucose metabolism: inefficient production, lactic acid accumulation, oxygen debt, recovery oxygen consumption
Q:
Effects of exercise (8)
A:
  • Improved balance and joint flexibility
  • Hypertrophy (increase in muscle size)
  • Improvements in muscle tissue
  • Vasodilation
  • Strengthened heart muscle
  • Improved breathing and respiratory efficiency
  • Weight control
  • Stronger bones
Q:
What are the three types of muscle contractions?
A:
  • Partial (muscle tone or tonus)
  • Isotonic (no change in tension, muscle length shortens, movement) e.g. pull ups
  • Isometric (great increase in tension, muscle length unchanged, no movement) e.g. wall sit, glute bridge hold
Q:
Mechanics of muscle movement
A:
Tendons attach muscles to bones
Origin: attached to the more fixed part of skeleton
Insertion: attached to the more moveable part of skeleton
Anatomy Muscular

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