Philosophy at University Of Otago | Flashcards & Summaries

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Lernmaterialien für philosophy an der University of Otago

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Why may we be reluctant to criticise other cultures? (CR)
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1. May feel nervous interfering in the social customs of others 
2. Feel we should be tolerant of other cultures 
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What are some claims for CR 
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1. Different moral codes
2. The moral code of society determines what is right within that society 
3. There is not standard to judge one society better than another 
4. There is not special status of a society 
5. It is merely arrogance for us to judge conduct of other cultures  
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some consequence of CR
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1. Can no longer say customs are inferior or superior in any cultures 
2. The idea of moral progress is called into doubt 
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What is ethical subjectivism? 
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Based on the idea that our moral opinions are based on our feelings and nothing more. There is no such thing as objective right or wrong
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What is this an example of? 
It is a fact that euthanasia is legal in some countries and illegal in other but it is not a fact that one is good and the other is bad. 
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Ethical subjectivism 
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What is simple subjectivism 
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When you say something is morally good (bad) this means you approve (disapprove) of that thing, nothing more 
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What is emotivism? 
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The observation that language is used in different way and for different purposes 
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Which is true 
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Arguments that defeat simple subjectivism do not affect emotivism 
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emotivism is not fact stating but…. 
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Moral language is not fact stating instead it is used to influence behaviour or to express attitudes 
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Problems for emotivism
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Moral judgements must be supported by good reason
Expression of personal preference (liking ice cream) do not need to be supported by good reason 
You must be able to explain the connections between moral judgement and the reasons that support them 
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What is the source of morality according to religion 
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God and his commands 
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Instead of universal truth CR says there is only ….
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Only the various culture codes
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Beispielhafte Karteikarten für deinen philosophy Kurs an der University of Otago - von Kommilitonen auf StudySmarter erstellt!

Q:
Why may we be reluctant to criticise other cultures? (CR)
A:
1. May feel nervous interfering in the social customs of others 
2. Feel we should be tolerant of other cultures 
Q:
What are some claims for CR 
A:
1. Different moral codes
2. The moral code of society determines what is right within that society 
3. There is not standard to judge one society better than another 
4. There is not special status of a society 
5. It is merely arrogance for us to judge conduct of other cultures  
Q:
some consequence of CR
A:
1. Can no longer say customs are inferior or superior in any cultures 
2. The idea of moral progress is called into doubt 
Q:
What is ethical subjectivism? 
A:
Based on the idea that our moral opinions are based on our feelings and nothing more. There is no such thing as objective right or wrong
Q:
What is this an example of? 
It is a fact that euthanasia is legal in some countries and illegal in other but it is not a fact that one is good and the other is bad. 
A:
Ethical subjectivism 
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Q:
What is simple subjectivism 
A:
When you say something is morally good (bad) this means you approve (disapprove) of that thing, nothing more 
Q:
What is emotivism? 
A:
The observation that language is used in different way and for different purposes 
Q:
Which is true 
A:
Arguments that defeat simple subjectivism do not affect emotivism 
Q:
emotivism is not fact stating but…. 
A:
Moral language is not fact stating instead it is used to influence behaviour or to express attitudes 
Q:
Problems for emotivism
A:
Moral judgements must be supported by good reason
Expression of personal preference (liking ice cream) do not need to be supported by good reason 
You must be able to explain the connections between moral judgement and the reasons that support them 
Q:
What is the source of morality according to religion 
A:
God and his commands 
Q:
Instead of universal truth CR says there is only ….
A:
Only the various culture codes
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