Lernmaterialien für Thyroid Gland & Thyroid Gland Dysfunctions an der University of Bradford

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What are the treatments for hypothyroidism?

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Replacement therapy with synthetic thyroid hormones

unless due to iodine deficiency which is treated with iodide

Drugs available : Levothyroxine (The drug of choice)

-Orally active

-Cheap,

-Takes long time to achieve steady state and dose adjustment is made only after 3-4 weeks

L-Triiodothyronine (liothyronine)

-Can be given orally or IV

-Quicker action

-quickness is only useful in severe hypothyroid cases, but may cause wide fluctuation in plasma concentration between doses

Lösung ausblenden

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What is the mechanism of action for different antithyroid drug therapy such as carbimazole , beta adrenoceptor antagonists ,Iodine and propylthiouracil?

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-Carbimazole is converted to active compound methimazole

-propylthiouracil inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis

-Propylthiouracil also inhibit peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

-Iodine blocks release of thyroid hormone and reduces vascularity of thyroid gland

-Beta adrenoceptor antagonists oppose the target organ effects of thyroid hormones.

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What is the effect on growth and development?

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thyroid hormone is to promote growth and development of the brain during first few years of postnatal life.

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What is Graves' disease ?

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An autoimmune disorder

develops due to the presence of thyroid stimulating antibodies (thyroid receptor antibodies) that bind to TSH receptors in the thyroid gland in the same way as as TSH

Lösung ausblenden

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What are the treatments for thyrotoxicosis?

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1.Antithyroid drugs

Carbimazole and Propylthiouracil

Beta adrenoceptor antagonists

Iodine

2.Radioactive iodine

3.Surgery

Lösung ausblenden

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How are thyroid hormones transported in the blood?

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Attached to the 3 types of blood plasma proteins or active transport channels

unbound drug is responsible for producing effect on the target tissues

Lösung ausblenden

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How is the uptake of iodide ion by the thyroid gland?

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Normal daily intake of iodine is about 150 µg

Iodine is absorbed from the GI tract and reaches the circulation in the form of iodide.

Thyroid gland actively transports the ion resulting in thyroid/plasma concentration to be 30

stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH or thyrotropin)

Lösung ausblenden

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What happens to hyaluronic acid & what is its purpose?

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function of hyaluronic acid: is to act as a lubricant and cushion to joints and other tissues

assists in staining moisture in the skin and eyes

Since thyroid hormone decreases synthesis of hyaluronic acid it can lead to swelling , thickening o skin that is rough and dry

known as myxedema (especially in hypothyroidism)

Lösung ausblenden

TESTE DEIN WISSEN

What are the structural features of a thyroid gland?

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Butterfly shapes

Weight about 20 g

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What are the physiological actions of thyroid hormones?

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Increase and decrease the metabolism

determines the body’s overall metabolic rate

•affects every body tissue either directly or indirectly

•Essential for normal growth and development

Lösung ausblenden

TESTE DEIN WISSEN

What is hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism?

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TESTE DEIN WISSEN

Hyperthyroidism is the excess of t3 and t4 production

Hypothyroidism is the lack of t3 and t4 production

Lösung ausblenden

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What are the effects of thyroid hormones?

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•Calorigenic effects

•Effects on intermediary metabolism

•Effects on cardiovascular system

•Effects on growth and development

Lösung ausblenden

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What are the treatments for hypothyroidism?

Replacement therapy with synthetic thyroid hormones

unless due to iodine deficiency which is treated with iodide

Drugs available : Levothyroxine (The drug of choice)

-Orally active

-Cheap,

-Takes long time to achieve steady state and dose adjustment is made only after 3-4 weeks

L-Triiodothyronine (liothyronine)

-Can be given orally or IV

-Quicker action

-quickness is only useful in severe hypothyroid cases, but may cause wide fluctuation in plasma concentration between doses

What is the mechanism of action for different antithyroid drug therapy such as carbimazole , beta adrenoceptor antagonists ,Iodine and propylthiouracil?

-Carbimazole is converted to active compound methimazole

-propylthiouracil inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis

-Propylthiouracil also inhibit peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

-Iodine blocks release of thyroid hormone and reduces vascularity of thyroid gland

-Beta adrenoceptor antagonists oppose the target organ effects of thyroid hormones.

What is the effect on growth and development?

thyroid hormone is to promote growth and development of the brain during first few years of postnatal life.

What is Graves' disease ?

An autoimmune disorder

develops due to the presence of thyroid stimulating antibodies (thyroid receptor antibodies) that bind to TSH receptors in the thyroid gland in the same way as as TSH

What are the treatments for thyrotoxicosis?

1.Antithyroid drugs

Carbimazole and Propylthiouracil

Beta adrenoceptor antagonists

Iodine

2.Radioactive iodine

3.Surgery

Mehr Karteikarten anzeigen

How are thyroid hormones transported in the blood?

Attached to the 3 types of blood plasma proteins or active transport channels

unbound drug is responsible for producing effect on the target tissues

How is the uptake of iodide ion by the thyroid gland?

Normal daily intake of iodine is about 150 µg

Iodine is absorbed from the GI tract and reaches the circulation in the form of iodide.

Thyroid gland actively transports the ion resulting in thyroid/plasma concentration to be 30

stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH or thyrotropin)

What happens to hyaluronic acid & what is its purpose?

function of hyaluronic acid: is to act as a lubricant and cushion to joints and other tissues

assists in staining moisture in the skin and eyes

Since thyroid hormone decreases synthesis of hyaluronic acid it can lead to swelling , thickening o skin that is rough and dry

known as myxedema (especially in hypothyroidism)

What are the structural features of a thyroid gland?

Butterfly shapes

Weight about 20 g

What are the physiological actions of thyroid hormones?

Increase and decrease the metabolism

determines the body’s overall metabolic rate

•affects every body tissue either directly or indirectly

•Essential for normal growth and development

What is hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism is the excess of t3 and t4 production

Hypothyroidism is the lack of t3 and t4 production

What are the effects of thyroid hormones?

•Calorigenic effects

•Effects on intermediary metabolism

•Effects on cardiovascular system

•Effects on growth and development

Thyroid Gland & Thyroid Gland Dysfunctions

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Lernmaterialien für Thyroid Gland & Thyroid Gland Dysfunctions an der University of Bradford

Beispielhafte Karteikarten für deinen Thyroid Gland & Thyroid Gland Dysfunctions Kurs an der University of Bradford - von Kommilitonen auf StudySmarter erstellt!

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