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Name five attributes your writing should have.
1. Concrete
2. Clear
3. Compelling (convincing, persuasive)
4. Credible (trustworthy)
5. Engaging (exciting curiosity)
Why is focusing on a specific topic help you?
1. Narrow down your literature search
2. Formulate the research question
3. Justify its significance
4. Find suitable experimental approach(es)
Name different types of research questions.
1. History or development of the subject
2. Structure and composition of the subject
3. Function(s) of the subject
4. Contribution of various factors to the subject or its function
5. Speculative (what if) questions
6. Questions of (dis)similarity btw. subjects
7. Questions based on disagreement with previous studies
What are the three Principles of editing?
1. Editing content:
- ensuring that all elements of the manuscript are present and discussed
- claims well supported by evidence
- terms defined
- illustrations complete
- sources properly acknowledged
2. Editing structure:
- ensuring that the storyline is logical and coherent
- paragraphs have topic sentences and conclusions
- making sentences flow
3. Editing style:
- choosing the right words, tenses, figurative tools to make the message clear an convincing
What is the purpose of the Opening?
1. Identify the problem which drives your research project
2. Give the reader the direction of the study
3. Should be suited to your readership
4. The research problem defines the scope and the impact of your study
5. Scope of your research should be adequate to the anticipated results
Why should an author formulate a working hypothesis?
1. Test the prediction based on the working hypothesis (model)
2. Determine the conditions where the hypothesis (model) holds true
3. Propose alternative or improved hypotheses (models)
When do you use past tense, present tense and future tense?
Past tense:
-previous results
- experimental precedures
- observations
Present tense:
- conclusions and implications
- general knowledge, accepted models
Future tense:
- open questions and outlook
- anticipated results and plan in project proposals
Why should an author formulate a motivation of their research?
1. Explicitly formulate the essence of the problem
2. Explain or highlight practical or conceptual significance of your research problem
3. Align your research interests or goals with readers' knowledge and expectations
What is the purpose of Resolution?
1. Explain the meaning of the results
2. Demonstrate the reader how the results complement the existing knowledge
3. Resolution should be concrete, specific and instructive
4. Should not undermine the results
5. Limitations should be acknowledged as open questions
What is important for Thematic Coherence?
1. Introduce topic sentences
2. Remove irrelevant information
3. Make sure that conclusion matches the topic
What is important for Clarity?
1. Choose right words
2. Check tenses
Why should an author formulate research questions?
1. Explore the contribution of various factors
2. Describe new findings
3. Propose new approaches or research directions
4. Ask novel questions or voice disagreements with the existing knowledge
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