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quantative Traits
- caused by interaction of Multiple Genes
- coplexe pattern of inheritance (not easily predictable)
- highly variable traits
- no clear cut-categories
- can be influenced by enviornmental factors
E.g.: Skincolour
Obesity, Schizophrenia Anorexia
Phenylketonuria
- qualitative inherited diesease, caused by one abnormal gene
- inheritance pattern: autosomal recessive
- mutation in gene that codes for enzyme that breaks down phenylalanine --> enzyme is missing
Phenylalanine is needet to produce NT
- if not used, builds up in the body --> neurotocix effect
If phenylalaine is taken up by individual with food (proteins or aspartame) it can lead to serious health problems and intellectual disabilities
Adrenoleukodystrophy
qualitative condition
- gonosomal transmitted disease (located on Xq21)
- caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene
Symptoms: Body cannot break down long fatty acids --> build up in the brain
- damages the myelin that insulates the axons
Affects males more severly than females (no other X-Chromosome to balance out effects)
Genetic Presdisposition
Genetic makeup of an individual that makes it more likely for certain diseases to accure, given special environmental conditions
Genotype
- combination of allels individuum possesses regarding a certain gene
- two alleles, one from mother and one from father
Phenotype
physical expression of genetic makeup, allows conclusions about allel combination
homozygote
two identical allels for the same trait
heterozygot
two different allels for one trait
dominant allel
determines organisms appearence
recessive allel
without noticable effect on organism's appearence in presence of another dominant allel
Law of segregation
When gametes form, alleles are separated so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene
Qualitative traits
- caused by single gene
- simple and predictable pattern of inheritance
- traits fall into clear-cut categories (e.g. yes or no traits)
- not perceptive to environmental influences
E.g: Blood Type
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