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What type of action potential propagation is Continuous conduction?
type of action potential propagation which involves step-by-step depolarization and repolarization of each adjacent segment of the plasma membrane - occurs in unmyelinated axons and in muscle fibers.
In Brain and Spinal cord, What is Gray Matter?
-called as such because of its darker appearance and preponderance of nerve cell bodies.
-In a surface layer (cortex) of the cerebrum and cerebellum.
Nucleus: designates a mass of gray matter in any part of the brain or spinal cord
Ganglion: means cluster of nerve cell bodies and dendrites, but usually refers to those cells located outside the brain and spinal cord.
In Neuroglia of PNS, What is Schwann cell?
form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers that are found in the PNS.
What is Resting Membrane Potential?
A resting (non-signaling) neuron that has a voltage across its membrane.
-• In a resting neuron, there are concentration gradients across the membrane for Sodium + Potassium. Ions move down their gradients via channels, leading to a separation of charge that creates the resting potential.
What is Propagation of action potential?
Depolarization of the first membrane patch causes permeability changes in the adjacent membrane and are repeated.
What is Repolarization?
• Potassium diffuses out of the cell as the membrane permeability changes again, restoring the negative charge on the inside of the membrane and the positive charge on the outside surface
What is Reflexes?
-It is rapid, predictable and involuntary responses to stimuli
-Occurs over neural pathways called reflex arcs and involve both CNS and PNS structures
What is Initial ionic conditions restored?
Ionic conditions of the resting state are restored later by the activity of sodium potassium pump.
In Reflexes, What is the difference between Somatic and Autonomic?
Somatic: reflexes that stimulate skeletal muscles
Autonomic: regulate the activity of smooth muscles, heart and glands
In Neuroglia of CNS, What is Microglia?
spider like phagocytes that dispose of debris , include deed brain cells and bacteria.
In Neuroglia of CNS, What is Oligodendrocytes?
glia that wrap their flat extensions tightly around the nerve fibers , producing fatty insulating coverings called myelin sheaths
In Neuroglia of PNS, What is Satellite cells ?
act as protective , cushioning cells.
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