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B04 - Human Genetics
How are bases connected to ribose or deoxribose?
N-glycosidic bond between N of the bases and C1 of the sugar
B04 - Human Genetics
How do Nucleotides bind together?
Covelnt bonds form between the phosphate that is linked to the 5' carbon of one nucleotide and the 3' carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide
B04 - Human Genetics
What tells the c-value?
amount of DNA in the species haploid genome (= haploid DNA content)
B04 - Human Genetics
Normal count of chromosomes in human cells + exceptions!
B04 - Human Genetics
Definition of homologous chromosomes
Pair of chromosomes - one inherited from the father, the other one from the mother
B04 - Human Genetics
What is the difference between Triploidy & Aneuploidy?
B04 - Human Genetics
Why are trisomies etc. detrimental?
Gene dosage effect: lower or higher expression off genes encoded on an additional or missing chromosome --> leads to imbalance in the organism
B04 - Human Genetics
How do female organism overcome the gene dosage effect regarding their sexchromosomes XX ?
one randomly chosen X-Chromosome gets inactivated = Barr body;
B04 - Human Genetics
What is so-called "extranuclear DNA"?
Mitochondria & Chloroplasts are descendants from free living cells: the still contain a circular chromosome with a few genes on it
B04 - Human Genetics
Composition of Chromatin!
B04 - Human Genetics
Why do we need non-histone proteins within chromatin?
B04 - Human Genetics
Name some characteristics of histones!
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