Pharmakologie at LMU München

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Nebenwirkungen Clonidin

- initialer Blutdruckanstieg: periphere postsynaptische alpha 1
(bei schneller i.v.A)
- Müdigkeit, Sedierung
- Mundtrockenheit, Obstipation etc.: präsynaptische Adrenozeptoren an cholinergen Neuronen
- Rebound Hypertonie

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Nebenwirkungen Theophyllin (Methylxanthin)

Cave: geringe therapeutische Breite!

- Tachykardie, Arrhytmie
- Tremor, Krampfanfälle
- Unruhe, Schlaflosigkeit
- Übelkeit, Erbrechen

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Wirkungsmechanismus LSD (Lysergsäurediethylamid)

partieller Agonist an 5HT2A

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Wirkungsmechanismus Clonidin

Bindung an alpha 2 Rezeptoren
- zentral: Verminderung Aktionspotenzialfrequenz des Sympathikus
- Niere: Verminderung der Renin Ausschüttung durch beta 1 (dennoch über alpha 2!)

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Indikationen alpha Methyldopa

1) Schwangerschaftshypertonie (orale Langzeittherapie)
2) Hypertonie (Mittel 2. Wahl )

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Wirkungsmechanismus Dobutamin

beta 1 > beta 2: positiv chrono-, dromo-, bathmo-, lusi-, inotrop

alpha 1: positiv inotrop auf Arbeitsmyokard

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Fenoterol

Sympathomimetikum

Indikation: Tokolyse

Rezeptoren: beta 2 > beta 1 (keine beta 2 selektiven vorhanden!)

Einschränkung: erhöhte Herzfrequenz Mutter und Kind

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Nebenwirkungen alpha Methyldopa

- wie Clonidin
- Na und Wasser Retention
- Parkinsonismus
- Depression
- hämolytische Anämie -> Coombs Test positiv

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Flurchinolone

Gruppe IV

Moxifloxacin
(Gatifloxacin)

M: Gyrase Hemmung

I: Reserve bei AWI, Tbc, bei kompl. H.p.-Eradikation Alternative zu Clarythromycin

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Ketolide

Telithromycin

M:50S Blockade der Translokation

I: mittlere bis schwere Pneumonien (KI: Myastenia Gravis)

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Antidot Überdosierung alpha Adrenozeptor Antagonisten

1) Noradrenalin
2) Schocklagerung, Volumensubstitution

Cave:
Adrenalinumkehr bei Gabe von Adrenalin -> weitere Blutdrucksenkung!

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Aminoglykoside

Gentamicin; Tobramycin; Netilmicin
Streptomycin; Amikacin
Neomycin; Kanamycin; Paromomycin

M: 30S Synthese von Nonsense- Proteinen

I: Gent/Tobra ->wg. Toxizität nur bei schweren Nosokomialen/septischen Infekten, Endokarditis (Häufig Kombi mit Cephalosporine

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Flashcards and summaries for Pharmakologie at the LMU München

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