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General Pathology
Ischemia
Reduced tissue blood flow/ perfusion → low o2, low nutrients, accumulation of metabolites (ischaemic core is necrotic, ischemic penumbra (if partial occlusion surrounds it)
General Pathology
Algor mortis
lower body temperature (ears-skin-head-extremities-viscera)
General Pathology
Anemia
o2 on erys decreased (acute/chronic)
General Pathology
Pulmonary edema
clear fluid in alveolar lumen
General Pathology
Thrombus type
Arterial Thrombus - White,
Venous Thrombus -Red
General Pathology
Embolus
=Intravascular mass circulating and obstructing blood/lymphatic vessels
→ Thrombus particles, Fat embolisms (from bone fracture, can be found in lung later due to them being in veins), Air embolism (iatrogen, chest wall injuries), Amniotic fluid embolism (parturition complications), Tumor cells, Fibro-cartilage parts (disc injury), Parasites/Bacteria
→ Can lead to bacterial endocarditis, Infarction of the kidney etc.
Therapy/ Prevention :
Aspirin → inhibits platelet aggregation, blocks AA metabolite (thromboxane)
General Pathology
Tissue changes
1. Necrosis
2. Inflammation
3. Vascular changes
4. Degeneration, extracellular deposition
5. Cells adaptation (atrophy, hyperplasia, hypertrophy)
6. Tumor 7. Growth disorders
General Pathology
Disease
disorder/loss of function in homeostasis or organ caused by etiological agent
General Pathology
Vicious circle
when disease in one organ makes it worse for the same organ in circle
General Pathology
Stages of disease
Latent (1), Prodromal (2), Culmination (3), Final (4)
(1)= incubation period, first impact
(2)= early symptoms, vague appearance
(3)= expressed, typical clinical signs
(4)= Resolution (remission, chronic form, healing, death
General Pathology
Death cases
Natural death (exitus letalis) - bye old age, organ functions depleted
Premature death - Violent (forensics, slaughter, euthanasia) Non-violent (disease)
General Pathology
Thanatogensis
Process of death
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