Immunology - Chapter 5: Cytokines at Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg

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What is a cytokine?

Proteins made by a cell that affect the behaviour of other cells, particularly immune cells. Cytokines made by lymphocytes are often called interleukins (= IL).

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Name the four major families of cytokines.

- TNF family (e.g. TNFα)
- Haematopoietin family (e.g. IL-6)
- IL-1 family (e.g. IL-1α/β)
- Interferons (e.g. Type I)
- Chemokines (CXC, CC)

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Name the five most important cytokines produced by macrophages after phagocytosis.

- TNF-α
- IL-1β
- IL-6
- CXCL8/IL-8
- IL-12

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"The amount of cytokine released in an infection will also determine the severity of the reaction and may even cause completely different effects."

Right

Exemplary flashcards for Immunology - Chapter 5: Cytokines at the Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg on StudySmarter:

Name three examples of broad range cytokines.

- IL-1β
- IL-6
- TNF-α

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Chemokines are further subdivided into CXC and CC classes, but what does the C stand for?

cysteines present at the N-terminus

Exemplary flashcards for Immunology - Chapter 5: Cytokines at the Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg on StudySmarter:

Name an example for a CXC chemokine.

CXCL8

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Name an example for a CC chemokine.

CCL2

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What is the function of CXC chemokines?

attraction of neutrophils

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What is the function of CC chemokines?

attraction of monocytes

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Leucocytes are also attracted via chemokines, but must undergo a specific process to pass the endothelium. What is this process called?

Rolling

Exemplary flashcards for Immunology - Chapter 5: Cytokines at the Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg on StudySmarter:

Explain in brief the process of rolling in terms of leucocytes passing the endothelium.

- weak binding of leukocyte to selectin
- slow travel along endothelium
- not taken by blood flow
- tight adhesion to ligands
- diapedesis
- migration to site of infection

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Immunology - Chapter 5: Cytokines at Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg

Flashcards and summaries for Immunology - Chapter 5: Cytokines at the Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg

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