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What is an example of cloud computing provider?
Amazon EC2
What is a metric for scalability?
Speedup
What is Embarassingly Parallell?
Its usually what we are aiming for in terms of scalability, if we add double resources we get half the time.
Explain what a CDN - Content Delivery Network
helps availability. Will cache static assets in frontend, also help scalability. CDN reduces load on the front end.
What is resilience?
another way to improve availability (or survivability)
Essentially, make your application react gracefully to optional components not being available
Explain Statelessness
It means that every HTTP request happens in complete isolation. When the client makes an HTTP request, it includes all information necessary for the server to fulfill the request. The server never relies on information from previous requests from the client.
[...] each request from client to server must contain all of the information necessary to understand the request, and cannot take advantage of any stored context on the server. Session state is therefore kept entirely on the client. [...] - Link here
How do you measure availability?
Uptime/total time observed or using Mean Time Between Failures, measured in “nine-nines” e.g., 99.999% uptime
Name five Performance Metrics
Page load time
Time for request sent to page completely loaded
Response time
Time from request sent to response received
Network latency
Time request / response takes for transmission through the network
Throughput
Number of requests that can be processed per time unit
Error rate
How frequently do requests transiently fail?
For all these: Average / 95 percentile / 99-percentile
What is redundancy
its a common way to improve availability is redundancy (i.e., avoiding single points of failure)
What are co-located failures?
they are failures that are often not independent of each other e.g., if amazons servers burns down then all databases fails, so it doesn't matter how many replicas we have
What does speedup == 0 imply?
the system is still performing as before you added all these new resources e.g., a bunch of CPU’s.
In a great scenario, speedup = 1 is twice the resources, half the time (this is a perfect speedup).
What is redis?
- an open source (BSD licensed), in-memory data structure store, used as a database, cache, and message broker.
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